The Impact of Fractal Dimension, Stress Tensors, and Earthquake Probabilities on Seismotectonic Characterisation in the Red Sea

The frequency–magnitude statistics of 6527 earthquakes with 1.0 ≤ ml 5.7 and focal depths between 0 49 km in the Red Sea region 1980 2021 show that threshold magnitude, above which most are precisely located, is 1.5. b-value, identifies regional stress situations associated energy release modalities, has a value 0.75, less than historical data, averages 0.4 0.85 as it varies over time, indicating modest accumulation. We utilised these instrumental data to examine dynamic patterns region, shedding light on region’s geodynamics providing foundation for estimating seismic hazard. computed fractal dimension (Dc) relatively high 2.3, significant Sea’s geological complexity structural diversity. This result indicates regular distribution earthquakes, occur clusters or along fault lines. low b-value comparatively Dc were likely due major past greater they caused. mechanisms big predominantly normal solutions, consistent movement extensional regime. pressure tension (P-T) axes compression axis trending NW-SE NE-SW. According inversion results, maximum principal (σ1) oriented vertically, minimum (σ3) subhorizontal strikes NE-SW direction, intermediate (σ2) direction. variance characterises homogeneity directions within range 0.19. ratio (R), faulting type, 0.76, suggesting pattern region. hazard parameters expressed by probability exceedance 1-, 10-, 50-, 100-year return periods. highest an earthquake will 50-year period thought be around 6.0. largest observed catalogue magnitudes area, 6.7, respectively, average recurrence intervals 36 142 years.